The Palácio Nacional de Mafra (National Palace of Mafra) consists of a palace, basilica, convent (which includes a library), Cerco Garden and hunting park (Tapada). Built in the years 1717-1755 in the baroque and neoclassical styles. The entire complex covers 37,790 square meters with approximately 1,200 rooms.
As a museum, it officially opened to the public in 1911. Currently, the National Museum of Music is being moved to the palace complex.

Palacio Real de Madrid (Royal Palace of Madrid) built between 1735-1764 in the classical baroque style. It is the official residence of the Spanish royal family and the largest royal palace in Western Europe. It has 3,418 rooms and covers an area of 135,000 square meters.
The palace is decorated with frescoes by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo and Anton Raphael Mengs. The interiors exhibit oil paintings by artists such as Caravaggio, Francisco de Goya, Velázquez and a set of five string instruments made by Antonio Stradivari (Stradivarius Palatinos). The palace houses, among others, the Royal Armory and the Crown Room.
The origins of the museum date back to 1935.

Palazzo Ducale founded in 1340. From 1923 changed to a museum. Includes, among others, Museo dell'Opera, Doge's apartments, Institutional chambers.

Palazzo Reale di Milano (the Royal Palace of Milan) with medieval origins, renovated many times. In the years 1773-1778 restored in the Neo-Classical style, then the most famous interior of the Hall of the Caryatids (46 by 17 meters) was arranged, destroyed in 1943 during World War II.
In 1980, repair projects for the interior of the palace began in order to create a "Palace Museum", which, however, did not come into being. Currently, the Municipality of Milan organizes loud international exhibitions of modern and contemporary art in the palace. The Museum of the Duomo of Milan has been operating in the wing of the palace since 2013.
The palace covers an area of 7,000 square meters.

Palmyra, the ancient city, began to develop and become important in the Bronze Age, around the second millennium BC. Palmyra was an important trading center on the caravan route that connected Persia with the Mediterranean coast. The city reached the peak of its development during the Roman period, especially in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD.
Main monuments of Palmyra (ruins, severely damaged in 2015-2017):
1. Temple of Bel
2. Arc de Triomphe
3. Colonnade (over a kilometer long colonnade was the main artery of the city, it consisted of a series of Corinthian columns that led from the Temple of Bel in the east to the Funeral Temple No. 86 in the western part of the city)
4. Roman Theater
5. Agora (the city's central commercial and administrative square)
6. Temple of Baalshamin
7. Tower Tombs (Valley of Tombs)
8. Diocletian's Camp
9. Tetrapylon (consisted of four groups of four columns)
10. Temple of Al-Lat
The archaeological site of Palmyra covers over 1,640 hectares.
Antiquities from Palmyra are presented in many museums around the world, including:
1. National Museum in Damascus
2. Palmyra Museum (closed since 2015)
3. Louvre
4. British Museum
5. Vatican Museums
6. Pergamonmuseum
7. Metropolitan Museum of Art
8. Museum of Islamic Art (MIA), Qatar Museums

Panstwowe Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau was created in 1947.
In December 2009, the historic "Arbeit macht frei" sign was stolen from the gate of Auschwitz I. The case received widespread international attention. The sign was found several days later, cut into pieces, and the perpetrators were arrested (including individuals associated with the criminal community and the Swedish client). The incident sparked criticism of the museum's security.
The entire area of the camps covers 191 hectares.
Museum director and president of the Fundacja Auschwitz-Birkenau: Piotr Mateusz Andrzej Cywiński.

The Panthéon was built between 1758 and 1790. Designed by architect Jacques-Germain Soufflot, it is a landmark example of Neoclassical architecture that blends classical Greek features with the structural lightness of the Gothic style. Originally commissioned by King Louis XV as a church dedicated to Saint Genevieve, it was repurposed during the French Revolution as a secular mausoleum for distinguished French citizens.
The Panthéon is the final resting place for over 70 esteemed French citizens who shaped the country's history and culture. Honorees include celebrated literary authors, scientists, politicians, and resistance heroes. Famous figures buried in the crypt include:
- Writers: Victor Hugo, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Émile Zola, and Alexandre Dumas.
- Scientists: Marie Curie (the first woman interred on her own merit) and Pierre Curie.
- Inventors & Thinkers: Louis Braille (inventor of the reading system for the blind).
- Historical Icons: Jean Moulin (French Resistance leader) and Simone Veil (Holocaust survivor and political advocate).
Building dimensions:
- Length: 110 meters
- Width: 84 to 85 meters
- Height: 83 meters at the peak of its dome

Parco archeologico del Colosseo founded in 2017.
It covers the most important monuments and historical places of ancient Rome, among others: The Colosseum, The Palatine, Roman Forum, Arch of Constantine and Meta Sudans, The Domus Aurea.

Parco Archeologico di Pompei has been operating under its current name since 2017.
Parco Archeologico di Pompei covers an area of ​​67 hectares of the ancient city covered with a layer of volcanic ash and pumice stone by the volcano Vesuvius during the eruption in 79 AD. At the Parco Archeologico di Pompei you can visit, among others: the Amphitheater, the Temple of Apollo, the House of Faun.

Foro © Silvia Vacca

Peggy Guggenheim purchased the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni in 1949. It then served as her home and gradually transformed into a venue for her art collection. Peggy began opening her palazzo and her collection to the public from 1951, offering viewings during the spring, summer, and early autumn months.
The Peggy Guggenheim Collection formally came to the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in 1976, when Peggy donated the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni and her collection to the Foundation. After Peggy’s death in 1979, the Foundation assumed full care and administration, and in 1980 the museum reopened under its management, with year-round public access.
Here’s a glimpse inside the Peggy Guggenheim Collection:
1. Peggy Guggenheim’s Original Collection
This is the heart of the museum, showcasing the works Peggy herself gathered between 1938 and 1946 across Europe and the U.S. Key movements represented include Cubism, Surrealism, Abstract Expressionism, and Futurism—with iconic pieces from artists such as Picasso, Braque, Duchamp, Ernst, Magritte, Miró, Dalí, Brâncuși, Kandinsky, Klee, Mondrian, Giacometti, Calder, and Pollock. Peggy Guggenheim’s personal collection comprises approximately 326 paintings and sculptures.
2. Gianni Mattioli Collection (on long-term loan)
This collection includes 26 Italian Futurist masterpieces, featuring works by Boccioni, Carrà, Russolo, Severini, Balla, Depero, Rosai, Sironi, and Soffici, along with examples of metaphysical painting by Carrà and Sironi, and early works by Morandi and Modigliani.
3. Hannelore B. and Rudolph B. Schulhof Collection
Integrated in 2012, this collection brings over 80 post-1945 works into the museum’s holdings, featuring prominent European and American artists such as Rothko, Twombly, Kelly, Dubuffet, Warhol, Johns, Diebenkorn, Martin, and more.
4. Nasher Sculpture Garden
An enchanting outdoor space adjacent to the Palazzo, this garden displays sculptures by Marini, Arp, Giacometti, Moore, Duchamp-Villon, Mirko, Takis, Gilardi, as well as contributions from the Nasher Collection.
Total works (all collections combined): approximately 432 pieces.
The Peggy Guggenheim Collection spans approximately 4,000 square meters.

Pena Palace built in 1842–1854 for King Ferynand II by the engineer Wilhelm von Eschwege. The eclectic palace is one of the main objects of the 19th century Romanticism in the world. The palace is surrounded by a 200-hectare forest park.

Pergamonmuseum opened to the public in 1930.
It is part of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin belonging to Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz.
The exhibition is divided into Antiquities Collection, Museum of the Ancient Near East, Museum of Islamic Art. The Pergamonmuseum collects monuments of ancient architecture, e.g. the Pergamon Altar, the Ishtar Gate.

Pergamonmuseum
Am Kupfergraben, Museumsinsel Berlin, Berlin-Mitte
© Staatliche Museen zu Berlin / Maximilian Meisse

Peterhof Palace built by Tsar Peter the Great in 1714–1723. The palace and park complex with numerous fountains, among others the Grand Cascade. Area: 3 934 hectares.

The Petersen Automotive Museum was founded in 1994. The museum was created thanks to a donation from Robert E. Petersen, a publisher of automotive magazines, who had a passion for cars and wanted to create a space to present the rich history of the automotive industry.
The Petersen Automotive Museum has one of the largest and most diverse vehicle collections in the world. It includes over 300 vehicles (about half of them on exhibition) that represent a wide cross-section of automotive history, technological innovation, design and car culture. Here are some of the main types of collections you can see there:
1. Vintage and classic cars. The collection includes many classic vehicles from the early 20th century, including cars from 1900 to 1940, which reflect the beginning of the development of the automotive industry.
2. Racing cars. There are iconic racing vehicles there, including Formula 1 cars, cars from Le Mans, NASCAR and rallies. Many of them have been used in actual races, which adds to their authenticity.
3. Luxury and exotic cars. The museum displays a wide range of luxury and exotic cars such as Ferrari, Lamborghini, Bugatti and Rolls-Royce. These vehicles are distinguished by their extraordinary design, power and technology.
4. Prototypes and futuristic concept cars. The collection also includes rare prototypes and concept vehicles that never went into mass production, but had a huge impact on the development of automotive design and technology.
5. Movie and culture cars. The museum has vehicles known from films and television, including such icons as the Batmobile from the "Batman" series, the DeLorean from "Back to the Future" and cars from the "Fast and Furious" series.
6. Unique and special cars. The collections include vehicles that have special cultural or historical significance, e.g. cars that belonged to famous people (Jay Leno, Steve McQueen) or that played a key role in the history of the automotive industry.
7. Motorcycles. The collection includes motorcycles that played an important role in the history of transport, both historical and modern.
8. Electric and innovative cars. The museum showcases modern and futuristic technologies, including electric and hybrid vehicles, that reflect the development of sustainable mobility.
9. The Vault. The museum has a special section called "The Vault", where you can see even more rare, unique and historic cars from different eras and places around the world, available as part of special tours.
The Petersen Automotive Museum covers an area of approximately 9,290 square meters. The exhibition area of the museum is approximately 5,600 square meters.

Petit Palais founded in 1900.
Petit Palais - City of Paris Fine Art Museum presents collections of: medieval and Renaissance paintings and drawings, furniture from the 18th century, works of French artists of the 19th century (among others: Ingres, Delacroix, Courbet, Monet, Cézanne, Modigliani, Rodin).

Petit Palais vu du Grand Palais © Didier Messina, 2013

Petra - a historic and archaeological city with numerous structures carved into the rocks.
The following periods are distinguished in the development of Petra's architecture:
- Nabatean (3rd-2nd century BC),
- Hellenistic (1st century BC - 1st century AD),
- Roman (2nd-3rd century AD),
- Byzantine (4th-6th century AD).
The most famous examples of Petra's architecture are:
- Al-Khazneh (Treasury),
- en-Nejr theater,
- the Urn Tombs,
- Qasr al-Bint temple,
- Ad Deir (Monastery).
Within the ancient city are the Petra Archaeological Park (PAP), which covers an area of 264,000 square meters, and the Petra Museum with its 280 artifacts.

The Pfahlbauten Unteruhldingen (Pile Dwellings Unteruhldingen) are Germany's oldest open-air archaeological museum. A journey through 10,000 years of history awaits you. After visiting the newly opened museum hall with its original finds, you'll enter the multimedia show ARCHAEORAMA, where you'll take a virtual dive into the pile dwellings in Lake Constance. You'll then be taken to the villages from the Stone and Bronze Ages, always with a magnificent lake panorama. Here, past periods of human history and different ways of life spanning three millennia come to life. The tour continues with the Stone Age Trail and Pile Dwelling Cinema, where experimental archaeologists introduce the house-building techniques of that time. At the end of the tour, you'll discover the first two pile dwellings from 1922, featuring a special exhibition on the museum's beginnings—or you can deepen your knowledge of the pile dwellers on the upper floor of the museum hall.

© Archiv PM/Achim Mende

The Philadelphia Art Museum (PhAM) was founded in 1876.
It has significant collections of European, American and Asian art. The PhAM includes, among others: the world's largest collection of works by Marcel Duchamp, an important collection of sculptures by Auguste Rodin, important paintings by Édouard Manet, Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Paul Cézanne and Vincent van Gogh, the richest collection of paintings in the USA by Thomas Eakins, a collection of Paul Strand's photographs, Shakers' crafts, numerous "period rooms" and architectural ensembles from around the world, e.g. from China, India, Japan, United Kingdom and France, a collection of weapons and combat gear second largest in the USA.
The entire collection of the PhAM includes over 240,000 exhibits.

Prague Castle - a castle complex built from the 9th century in all historical architectural styles. One of the largest castles in the world, it covers an area of almost 7 ha. It was the seat of Czech kings, Roman emperors and Czechoslovak presidents. It stores the Czech Crown Jewels.
Main objects:
- Old Royal Palace
- St. Vitus Cathedral
- St. George's Basilica
- Queen Anne's Summer Palace (Belvedere)
- Spanish Hall
- Vladislav Hall
There are several museums in the castle, including:
- collection of Czech baroque and mannerism of the National Gallery
- Prague Castle picture gallery, referring to the collection of Rudolf II
- exhibition on the history of the Czech Republic
- toy museum

Photo: © Prague City Tourism

PT Taman Wisata Candi Borobudur, Prambanan, dan Ratu Boko (commonly abbreviated TWC) founded in 1980 is a state-owned company that deals with the management of tourist facilities.
PT TWC manages primarily:
- Borobudur - the largest Buddhist temple complex in the world, built between 750 and 850 CE
There are three museums in the Borobudur Temple Visitor Park area: Museum Borobudur, Museum Karmawibhangga, and Museum Samudraraksa.
- Prambanan - a Hindu temple complex originally built in 850 CE
- Ratu Boko - palace complex from the 8th and 9th centuries
- Taman Mini "Indonesia Indah" (TMII) covers an area of approximately 100 ha and consists of:
Indonesia Museum
Purna Bhakti Pertiwi Museum
Soldier Museum
Indonesian Stamps Museum
Pusaka Museum
Transportation Museum
Museum Electricity & New Energy Museum
Telecommunication Museum
Penerangan Museum
Sports Museum
Asmat Museum
Komodo Indonesian Fauna Museum and Reptile Park
Insects Museum
Research & Technology Information Center
Oil & Gas Museum
East Timor Museum
Museum Bayt Al-qur'an Dan Museum Istiqlal
Museum Hakka Indonesia

Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts was opened in 1912.
Currently, it has around 700,000 European art exhibits.