The origins of the Moscow Kremlin Museums go back to the Kremlin Armory Museum founded in 1806.
The Moscow Kremlin Museums include, among others:
- Kremlin armory,
- Cathedral of the Dormition of the Mother of God,
- Cathedral of the Archangel,
- Cathedral of the Annunciation.

The Tretyakov Gallery founded in 1856.
The Tretyakov Gallery collects Russian art from the 11th century to the present day.
The collection has over 200,000 exhibits.
Branches:
- Tretyakov Gallery
- House-Museum of Pavel Korin
- Museum-workshop of Anna Golubkina
- Apollinarius Vasnetsov Museum-Apartment
- House-Museum of Viktor Vasnetsov
- New Tretyakov Gallery
- in Kaliningrad, Vladivostok, Samara

Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts was opened in 1912.
Currently, it has around 700,000 European art exhibits.

The Garage Museum of Contemporary Art in short The Garage Museum was founded in 2008.
The museum focuses mainly on Russian modern and contemporary art from the 1950s to the present day, but is also interested in the most important phenomena of European and world art and culture of the 20th and 21st centuries.